Water And Soil Pollution In Pakistan Environmental Sciences Essay

Water And Soil Pollution In Pakistan Environmental Sciences Essay Water is polluted when it consiste that things. that make it useless for a given use. Fresh water is basically to the survival of human beings and mostly other land-dependent life forms.97 % of the earths water is the salt water of oceans and seas. Most of the remaining 3 %is in polar ice caps, glaciers, the atmosphere or underground and hard to reach. Only 0.4 %is available for use. This water supply is maintained by water evaporating from oceans and lakes and then falling to the earth as rain in a process called the water cycle. However, growing population, increased economic activity and industrialisation has resulted in an increased demand for fresh water. In addition, rapid urbanisation is changing patterns of consumption. This has caused a severe misuse of water resources. Discharging untreated sewage and chemical wastes directly into rivers, lakes and drains has become a traditional habit. Water bodies can no longer cope with the increasing pollution load. In Pakistan, water is mostly used for industrial, agricultural and domestic purposes. The table given below shows its percentage consumption for every use. Purpose Percentage Agriculture 69% Industry 23% Domestic uses 8% Sources of water pollution Municipal Sewage; Municipal sewage is a main source of pollution. About two million wet tonnes of human excreta are annually produced in the urban sector of which around 50% go into water bodies to pollute them. National Conservation Strategy (NCS) states that almost 40% of deaths are belong to water produce diseases. Domestic wastewater collects on the streets and in low-lying areas. The situation is further aggravated by the addition of untreated wastes from small-scale industries. In Pakistan, drinking water supply lines and open sewage drains in the streets are laid side by side. As a result, water is mainely polluted when pipes broke. many main sewers are between 30-50ft below ground level and are made of 10ft cement sections linked without proper safety seals. Poor connections linked with deteriorating low quality sewer pipes cause a lot of leakage. This outflow from sewer mixes with the water table and the contamination is carried to deeper levels. Hence the ground water which is considered safe becomes adulterated with everything from PCBs, lead, cyanides, mercury, solvents, hydrocarbon compounds, hospital and pharmaceutical industry waste. Ravi teems with toxic industrial effluent and untreated domestic sewage as soon as it enters Pakistan. This has made it literally a large open sewer. Industries; Industrial wastewater contains toxic chemicals. It is dangerous that most industries have been begning without proper planning and waste treatment plants. They just dispose of untreated toxic waste into nearby drains, canals or rivers. Lahore, Faisalabad, Karachi, Qasoor share major contamination loads into their water bodies According to an EPD source, 9000 million gallons of wastewater having 20,000 tons of BOD5 loading are daily discharged into water bodies from the industrial sector. Automobile service stations are another major contributor to surface water pollution. Untreated oil, grease and dirt find its way into nearby canals and rivers where it damages the ecosystem à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ Agriculture; Excessive and uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides develop pollution agricultural run off. This not only pollutes the surface drains but the water trickling down to lower layer soil causes a severe pollution of the natural water table Over abstraction of groundwater prompts recharge from the surface water drains, which themselves are severely contaminated. Water pollution and humans; The world health organization brief that 25-30% of all hospital admissions are connected to water borne bacterial and parasitic conditions, with 60% of infant deaths caused by water infections. The taking place belongings on human health of pesticides and other pollutants contain colon and bladder cancer, miscarriage, birth defects, deformation of bones, and infertility. contagion of fresh water with radio nuclides, which can result from removal, testing, discarding and industrialized of radioactive material, as well as carrying accidents, has led to increased incidence of cancer, developmental abnormality and death. Cesspools of stagnant dirty water, both in rural and urban areas, account for a large number of deaths caused by potentially fatal diseases like cholera, malaria, dysentery and typhoid. Nitrate absorption in water above 45mg/l makes it unless for drinking by infant. The nitrates are decreased in body to nitrites and cause a serious blood condition called the Blue Baby Syndrome. Higher concentration of nitrate causes gastric cancer. untouched and highly toxic industrial sewage is also used for irrigation near major cities. This can contaminate crops and consequently affect consumers. à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ Water pollution and the environment Karachisuntreated wastewater from household manure and manufacturing estate is discharge into the Layari and Malir rivers, which fall into the Arabian Sea. This waste has begin to fake a serious hazard to the aquatic environment, as the channel water is dirty not only with bacteria but also with poisonous chemicals. Water contamination also extend a savage danger to flora and fauna of Pakistan. Animals drink water out of infected water bodies, sick pond, rivers and streams. This sicken the natural world and some may even die. Oil spill kill thousands of fish in oceans. excessive pollution of river Ravi has destroyed the once existing 42 species of fish and the bird life approximately the river has migrate to other areas. endurance of small invertebrates, micro fauna and flora is also threatened. Soil pollution The long term effects of soil pollution are many and can be difficult to deal with, How Soil Gets Polluted Soil is a sort of ecosystem unto itself, and it is relatively sensitive to foreign matter being applied to it. Thats good for us in the case of wanting to add soil amendments, fertilizer and compost to make the soil healthier, but not so good when it comes to soil pollution. There are many different ways that soil can become polluted, such as: Seepage from a landfill Discharge of industrial waste into the soil Percolation of contaminated water into the soil damage of underground storage tanks Excess application of pesticides, herbicides or fertilizer Solid waste seepage The most common chemicals involved in causing soil pollution are: Petroleum hydrocarbons Heavy metals Pesticides Soil pollution happens when these chemicals mix to the soil, either from being directly spilled onto the soil or through contact with soil that has already been polluted. As the world becomes more industrialized, the long term effects of soil pollution are becoming more of a problem all over the world. It is thought that a full 150 million miles of Chinas farmland is contaminated Soil pollutin problem Even when soil is not being used for food, the matter of its contamination can be a health concern. This is especially so when that soil is found in parks, neighborhoods or other places where people spend time. Health effects will be different depending on what kind of pollutant is in the soil. It can range from developmental problems, such as in children exposed to lead, to cancer from chromium and some chemicals found in fertilizer, whether those chemicals are still used or have been banned but are still found in the soil. Some soil contaminants increase the risk of leukemia, while others can lead to kidney damage, liver problems and changes in the central nervous system. Those are just the long term effects of soil pollution. In the short term, exposure to chemicals in the soil can lead to headaches, nausea, fatigue and skin rashes at the site of exposure. Effect of soil pollution When it comes to the environment itself, the toll of contaminated soil is even more dire. Soil that has been contaminated should no longer be used to grow food, because the chemicals can leech into the food and harm people who eat it. If contaminated soil is used to grow food, the land will usually produce lower yields than it would if it were not contaminated. This, in turn, can cause even more harm because a lack of plants on the soil will cause more erosion, spreading the contaminants onto land that might not have been tainted before. In addition, the pollutants will change the makeup of the soil and the types of microorganisms that will live in it. If certain organisms die off in the area, the larger predator animals will also have to move away or die because theyve lost their food supply. Thus its possible for soil pollution to change whole ecosystems Dealing with soil polltion There are some ways to get soil back to its pristine condition or to remove the spoiled soil so the land can be used for agriculture again. Tainted soil can be transported to a site where humans wont be exposed to the chemicals, or the soil can be aerated to remove some of the chemicals (which can add the problem of air pollutionif the chemicals can be released into the air). Other options include whats known as bioremidiation, where microorganisms are used to consume the pollution-causing compounds as well as electromechanical systems for extracting chemicals, and containment of chemicals by paving over the tainted area. None of these are an ideal solution. Preventing contamination in the first place is the best way to go. It wont eliminate all potential pollution problems, but choosing to farm orgnically is a good way to protect the soil (and yourself) from chemicals found in pesticides and other common garde chemicals;

Urban Planners :: essays research papers

URBAN PLANNERS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Urban planners plan for the development of urban and rural areas. Most work for city, county, or other governmental agencies, where they help develop and perform official policy regarding current and future land use. They are concerned with all features of the environment, including the location and design of buildings, transportation systems and with the protection of natural resources, including air and water quality and population density. They report on the best location for houses, stores and parks. Planners also consider social and economic factors that will be affected by land use changes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Planners generally work in clean, well-lighted offices. However, they may spend much of their time outside the office, attending meetings or hearings, (Sometimes after hours), or inspecting development sites.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A bachelor's degree in planning or a related field is the minimum requirement for professional-level jobs. Some other requirements for most jobs include a master's degree or several years of professional experience or both. However it is possible to get started with only a bachelor's degree, a lot of competition for entry-level jobs and the rising difficulty of the work itself makes a master's degree suitable. Most authorities recommend an undergraduate degree in an area related to planning, such as geography, political science, or architecture followed by a graduate degree in planning. A degree in urban studies, environmental studies, or environmental planning programs requires the same two years of full time study to complete. Local government planning offices often hire college students to work during the summer. Students can learn a lot before they get their first job after they graduate. To become a certified planner, a certain amount of courses must be taken . A few universities have programs under which students may earn master's degrees in planning as well as in an similar field, such as architecture, in about three years of full time study. Planners must be able to think in terms of relationships and visualize the effects of their plans and designs. They should be flexible and able to reconcile different viewpoints and to make constructive policy recommendations. The ability to communicate well, both orally and in writing, is necessary for anyone interested in this field.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Government agency salaries for planners with a bachelor's degree and little or no experience starts at about $2,300 to about $3,000 a month. Planners with a master's degree or one or two years of experience can start at $2,500 to $3,500 or more a month.

JPMorgan Chase Essay

Introduction J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. is a prominent and successful Fortune 500 company. It is the largest bank in the United States by assets. CEO James Dimon, has lead the J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. through multiple risky events. J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. has been facing multiple fines and settlements due to its failure to abide by its own code of conduct. The company has failed to follow procedures and regulations on numerous occasions. The company is becoming notorious for making unethical decisions and simply not following the guidelines. This year J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. agreed on a thirteen-billion dollar settlement regarding unethical selling of mortgage-backed securities. The selling of these mortgage-backed securities played a role in causing the financial crisis of 2008. An article found on BBC’s website does a good job of explaining this in basic simple terms. Between 2004 and 2006 US interest rates rose from 1% to 5. 35%, triggering a slowdown in the US housing market. Homeowners, many of whom could only barely afford their mortgage payments when interest rates were low, began to default on their mortgages. Default rates on sub-prime loans – high risk loans to clients with poor or no credit histories – rose to record levels. The impact of these defaults were felt across the financial system as many of the mortgages had been bundled up and sold on to banks and investors (http://news. bbc. co. uk/). This report explains and elaborates on J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. ’s role in the financial crisis. It expounds on what the company violated and unethically did to have caused the current settlement negotiation. Using multiple online resources, we gathered information plentiful enough to analyze the company’s practices and determine what steps must be taken to avoid future discrepancies. Through social media we observed how consumers’ feelings towards the company are being impacted by the current tentative settlement regarding the mortgage-backed securities. The stock market was observed and studied throughout the course of J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. ’s negotiations. It is vital to understand how shareholders are being impacted as they are a key role in a company’s success and resources. Using the information gathered this report suggests steps to take in improving not only how J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. is thought of but how the company does business. JPMorgan Violated Both Banking and Securities Laws On January 24, 2012 President Barrack Obama gave his State of the Union speech in which he stated, â€Å"Our working group is focusing on conduct related to the pooling and creation of mortgage backed securities, issues related to conduct that created the crash, not abuses that happened after the crash† (Obama). He aims to create a mortgage crisis unit that will investigate the major banks that took part in unethical practices that lead to the crisis. New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman will co-chair the unit. The mortgage crisis unit includes officials from the Justice Department, Securities, Exchange Commission and Internal Revenue Service. Obama said in his speech that the unit â€Å"will hold accountable those who broke the law, speed assistance to homeowners, and help turn the page on an era of recklessness that hurt so many Americans. † (http://www. bloomberg. com). JPMorgan Chase violated not only banking laws but also securities laws. J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. constituted recklessly unsafe practices, which resulted in misconduct and losses. An article on www. wallstreetonparade. com stated, â€Å"The Bank (Chase) failed to ensure that significant information related to the credit derivatives trading strategy and deficiencies identified in risk management systems and controls was provided in a timely and appropriate manner to OCC examiners. †(Marten). The article also stated that â€Å"The SEC focused on JPMorgan’s ineffective internal controls and failure to keep the Audit Committee of its Board informed in timely manner as required under its own rules and under the Sarbanes- Oxley Act. † (Marten). In other words, JPMorgan broke the rule of the code of conduct which stated that â€Å"No one at J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. should ever sacrifice integrity or give the impression that they have even if they think it would help the firm. † (www. jpmorganchase. com). The SEC found that J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. Chase violated securities laws by filing false information to the SEC. According to the SEC, the company failed to maintain internal control over financial reporting, disclosure controls and procedures, filing of inaccurate reports with the Commission. The SEC, in its settlement document stated that J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. violated Sections 13(a), 13(b) (2) (B) of the Exchange Act and Rules 13a-11, 13a-13, and 13a-15. The JPMorgan Chase code of conduct represents fundamental assets that can be done on behalf of the company. In other words, there are policies that are applied to the Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Accounting Officer of JPMorgan Chase & Co. The purpose of the code of conduct is to endure commitment to integrity. The Code of Conduct is important for JPMorgan Chase & Co. because it lays out the responsibility and expectations that the company has to represent to customers. The company is also responsible for ethical decision-making, which means that doing the right thing whereas speaking up about any violation of the company. According to the Code of Conduct, â€Å"No business unit or location in the Company can adopt policies that are less restrictive than the Code, but some do have rules that are more restrictive. † (www. jpmorganchase. com). The Code means that the business should know and follow all policies even if the rules are hardcore. The Code of Conduct has a decision tree on the company’s website where you would ask yourself a question like, â€Å"Is it legal? † or â€Å"Does it comply with our Code and our Company policies, and the principles of ethical behavior they reflect? † These questions are important when it comes to making decisions. If neither of the questions comply with your decisions, then it could result in some serious consequences. Sharing concerns and reporting violations is very important when it comes to a company’s reputation. According to the Code of Conduct, you should share your concerns without fear, report legal or regulatory preceding that involve you personally. Breaking any security law or banking laws and result in consequences. It is important to speak up about any violations that could result in unethical conduct related to financial services. Maintaining accurate records is also an important task when it comes to a company. According to the company website, â€Å"Internal accounting controls and record keeping policies are essential to the successful operation of our Company and our ability to meet our legal and business requirements. Each of us is responsible for being accurate, complete and honest in Company records and for complying with all of the controls, policies and procedures we have in place. † (www. jpmorganchase. com). False records are unethical and could tarnish the company’s reputation. JPMorgan Chase & Co. ’s major direct holders are James Crown, James Dimon, Douglas Braunstein, Daniel Pinto, and Frank Bisignano. These shareholders own stock in the company. These main holders have the main shares in this company. According to JPMorgan Chase & Co. , outside activities is important because doing outside activities could cause conflict not only for the company but for shareholders as well. By selling stock the company gets money almost no catch. There is no interest to pay and no requirement to pay the money back at all. Even better, equity financing distributes the risk of doing business among a large pool of investors. If the company fails, the founders don’t lose all of their money, they lose several thousand smaller chunks of other people’s money. The money the company makes of its investors is used to pay for its fines and fees. This is why there is much anticipation with the negotiation of the settlement regarding the selling of mortgage-backed securities. This chart from yahoo’s finance reports shows that in October, during the negotiation of the settlement, stock dropped: Settlement & Resolution J. P. Morgan & Chase Co. is under investigation for these unethical practices and risk losing a large sum of money as settlement, as well as criminal charges being placed upon them for their dishonorable actions. There are many legal steps that are being taken to resolve the issue at hand. Some of these steps include hiring an independent monitor or other third party firm to oversee these measures along with ensuring that J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. follows the appropriate guidelines set forth legally and prevent them from practicing any further unethical actions. The person or firm hired must examine each and every home loan before J. P. Morgan Chase will be able to be packed into any type of investments. In order for JP Morgan Chase to continue with home loans and recover from there scandalous acts, they must meet the obligation presented to them and hire an overseer, whether an individual or firm, and have the issues resolved by the end of 2017. Steps that J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. can take to improve its disgraceful situation are: to make some kind of assistance available to the individuals that were hit hard and greatly affected by these poor business practices inflicted by the company. This can be obtained by offering the individuals who invested in some type of loan through J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. an opportunity to refinance their current loan, the donation of bank- owned properties, and new mortgage loans to low and moderate income families (O’Toole). This will hopefully help the individuals that now owe more on their houses then they are worth, and are thus upside down on their loans due to the unethical practices of JP Morgan Chase. If this proves beneficiary to the individuals who took out the loans, JP Morgan may just be able to recover their reputation, if not they will have to live with the disreputable name they have now created. JP Morgan Chase can also buy back all of the mortgages that they put these poor individuals into in the first place in hopes that the individuals may climb out of the dark hole of debt that they were lured into by the scandalous actions of the Chase employers. JP Morgan Chase must help the individuals out of their debt inflicted by the bank if there is to be any hope at recovering their reputation and solving the discriminating issues at hand. This can only be obtained by them offering their support and assistance to find as well as ensure them a better financial loan option. JP Morgan Chase must make right on their word for any betterment to be observed. They can and should take the blame for their wrongful actions by stating that they know they were wrong and immoral in their actions and present the individuals with an apology as well as an ethical solution to fix and make good the issues at hand. JP Morgan must make it right for the individuals who entrusted in them to give them ethical and proper loan assistance in the first place. They need to bail the individuals out of the debt they mischievously placed them in. JP Morgan Chase banks can better themselves in the long run by can buying back all the mortgages that they sold to individuals in the first place. Mortgage loans that they knowingly sold without compliance to the mortgage standards set forth. They can also provide help to their employees who may be under investigation as well by taking full responsibility for the unethical situation and not placing the immoral conduct of the bank on the employees and forcing them to get into trouble. They need to back their employees because some who knew it was wrong didn’t want any part of the unethical situation, but JP Morgan Chase required the employee to perform the immoral practices anyways with the threat that they would lose their jobs if they didn’t abide. The company says it â€Å"is fully reserved for this settlement,† implying it has cash and other savings on hand to meet the requirements. JPMorgan will finish providing relief to borrowers by the end of 2017, the company says (Arnold). The following is a quote from Jamie Dimon: â€Å"We are pleased to have concluded this extensive agreement †¦ and to have resolved the civil claims of the Department of Justice and others. † â€Å"Nonetheless, New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman, California Attorney General Kamala Harris, Sacramento U. S. Attorney Benjamin Wagner and other officials involved in investigating JPMorgan’s mortgage actions called the settlement a significant government victory† (McCoy). This settlement will resolve a large amount of state and federal investigates into JPMorgan Chase’s selling of mortgage backed securities between 2005 and 2008. Concluding results An article on http://www. scpr. org explains how the settlement money will be distributed, â€Å"Q: How much money will end up in the hands of homeowners? A: The state attorney general’s office said $4 billion of the $13 billion settlement will go toward helping consumers nationwide. That could come in the form of mortgage payment reductions or loan modifications for homeowners, the office said in a press release. The office said they had no estimate on how much of the $4 billion borrower’s relief would go to California homeowners, but they believe the state will receive a â€Å"good amount of relief. † JPMorgan declined to comment on the percentage that will be directed to Californians. Separate from the borrower’s relief, California did receive nearly $300 million in damages out of the $13 billion settlement that will go to public employee and teacher pension funds, CalPERS and CalSTRS. Q: What will determine which homeowners get money from the $4 billion portion of the settlement? A: The state attorney general’s office said Californians who may qualify for the relief would likely have gotten mortgages with Washington Mutual and Bear Stearns, which are now part of JPMorgan. Stuart Gabriel, director of the Ziman Center for Real Estate at UCLA, said he thinks state agencies may reach out to individuals who are in danger of foreclosure and offer some mortgage modification, such as interest rate relief. Q: When will homeowners receive this money? A: It’s unclear how soon Californians could qualify to receive a portion of the borrower’s relief. The state attorney general’s office said the agency that will handle those decisions hasn’t been determined yet. Q: Will the settlement have an effect on the housing market? A: Gabriel said he doesn’t think there will be any perceptible effect on the direction of the housing market as a result of the settlement. He said what’s notable is that JPMorgan had to pay a large fine. The $13 billion JPMorgan settlement is roughly three times more than what BP paid to settle criminal charges related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, according to Gabriel. â€Å"It’s a big deal for JPMorgan and it’s a big win for the U. S. government,† Gabriel said. â€Å"It’s a win for the point of view that there were fraudulent practices in the packaging of mortgages into mortgage-backed securities on the part of major investment houses. † Gabriel said he doesn’t think this is the end of such settlements and the government is â€Å"in all likelihood working its way around Wall Street now with the precedent of a very big settlement in its back pocket. † Q: Is the foreclosure crisis over? A: Reports show the number of foreclosures has steadily declined. But Peter Kuhns of the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment said it’s still a major problem. â€Å"It’s massive. † Kuhns said. â€Å"There are estimates that somewhere close to a third of all California homeowners with mortgages are underwater on their loans, that they owe more money than their house is worth. † Kuhns said he hopes that the $4 billion borrower’s relief will go toward helping homeowners reduce the amount of money they owe on their mortgage payments. † (lee) This shows progress but it will not be enough to keep the company’s consumer’s happy. J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. must maintain an ethical and professional work pace. It will take time but doing things correctly, the company’s reputation can be salvaged. Shareholder’s don’t seem to be losing trust since the agreement on the settlement. Shares are at a healthy fifty-seven. The Board of Directors must put these changes into action as soon as possible. They must start the process towards recovery at once.

Canada In The Twentieth Century essays

Canada In The Twentieth Century essays Every country has a foreign policy. This is what is officially done by a government in its relations with other countries. Many Canadians believe that a truly independent Canada must develop a foreign policy that reflects Canadas national interests. While others hold the view that Canadians should develop a foreign policy based more on global concerns. The goals of foreign policy are to promote sovereignty, social justice, economic growth, and there are many others. I believe that the significant development of a global perspective is necessary to insure our sovereignty and unique identity. Canada has played an important role to reduce toxic gas emissions into the environment. For example, Canada has committed to the Kyoto Accord and has a plan to reduce Carbon dioxide emissions. Canada is concerned about the environmental affects on life around the world. We stress clean air and water; for example the government has created certain rules on more environment friendly cars to be manufactured. Canada has kept guard on the disposal of harmful materials, and wastes produced by nuclear plants around the globe. Canada has constructed national parks to preserve forests, wildlife, and has prohibited development in the area. For instance, Banff and Jasper National parks, and there are many others. The Canadian foreign policy is based on protecting human rights all over the world. We achieve social justice by decreasing poverty in developing countries, and creating more economic opportunities in these countries. For example, Canada doesnt do trade with countries that employ child labour. Canada has committed itself to peaceful democratic changes in developing countries, for instance in Afghanistan, Iraq, and many countries in Africa. Canada has contributed to bring democracy in South Africa, about 10 years ago, in countries such as Namibia, Ethiopia, Angola, Cambodia, and many others. ...

Job Likes and Dislikes Listening Comprehension Quiz

Job Likes and Dislikes Listening Comprehension Quiz In this  listening comprehension  you will hear a man speaking about what he likes and dislikes about his job. Listen to what he says and decide whether the following statements are true or false. You will hear the listening twice. Try to listen without reading the listening transcript. After you have finished, check your answers below the  to see if you have answered the questions correctly. Job Likes and Dislikes Quiz The first thing he does is go to the common room.He cleans the rooms when they are empty.He always helps out in the canteen.He usually washes the stairs.He finishes in the afternoon.He likes the routine nature of his job.He feels that it is degrading picking up cigarette butts.He is a millionaire.He likes the flexibility of his job.He enjoys the company of the students.He learns a lot on his job about other cultures.What is the name of his job? Listening Transcript Well, I come into work at eight oclock, and the first thing I do is collect my keys. Then I go to the common room. I sweep up and I do the floors, and I also check the toilets. And when there are no students in the classrooms, I empty the waste bins, and clean the rooms. And I also help in the canteen when the girl is ill to do the teas and coffees. And I usually sweep the stairs and then give them a good wash over. I usually finish at about two oclock.   What I particularly hate about my job is having to be at work for a specific time and leave off at a certain time and have to follow a certain pattern all the time. And another thing I hate doing is picking up cigarette ends and dirty tissues. Its really degrading picking things up that have been in peoples mouths. God, if I were paid for every cigarette end and tissue Id picked up, Id be a millionaire.   What I really like about my job is that I can work on my own, and I can decide when I do something. If I dont feel like doing it today, I can do it tomorrow. I also find the students extremely friendly. They will come and talk to you in their breaks or their free time. They tell you all about their country, customs, habits, etc. and its ever so interesting. I really enjoy it. Job Likes and Dislikes Quiz Answers False - He gets his keys.TrueFalse - Only when the girl is ill.  True - He cleans and washes the stairs.True - He finishes at two oclock.False - He doesnt like being at work and leaving at a certain time.True - He really hates it.False - He would be if he were paid for every cigarette end and tissues he has cleaned up!True - He can choose when he does the various tasks.True - They are really friendly.True - They tell him about their native countries.Janitor, Sanitary engineer

Hospitals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hospitals - Essay Example Services include more difficult treatment options such as traumatic brain injury repair and spinal cord injuries. This non-profit hospital appears to provide a higher standard of care than other hospitals in Chicago. Much of the funding for this hospital comes from donations from large benefactors and private donators as well. Many of the patients at Schwab Rehabilitation Hospital are also on some form of public assistance which helps the hospital receive more patient revenues. A governmental hospital in Chicago is the Alton Mental Health Center which is fully funded by government agencies. This is a psychiatric treatment hospital in which patients are residents. The typical patient is urban and the hospital specializes in psychiatric treatment for people who have committed crimes or are dangers to society or to themselves. Alton Mental Health Center has high technology treatment facilities backed by government

Gene One - Not Going Public but Seeking Alternative Investors Essay

Gene One - Not Going Public but Seeking Alternative Investors - Essay Example However, going public includes a series of challenges, such as: high costs for developing the relevant process, meaning especially ‘the legal fees’ (Marcus and Wallace 1997, p.275), the ‘high costs for maintaining the public company status’ (Lipman 2005, p.179) and the continuous monitoring of all the firm’s important transactions (Marks et al. 2009, p.308). For the above reason, before going public, a firm should try to identify alternative sources of funding. Gene One should also use this practice. The firm’s performance up to now has been significant, if taking into consideration its rather short presence in the market. It would be preferable for the organization to avoid the exposure to the risks and challenges of going public and seek for additional funds through an alternative source of funding. As noted in the case study, the firm needs to secure its source of funding within a particular deadline, i.e. within the next three years (case s tudy, p.1). Three are the key organizational sectors that would have increased funding needs within this period: new development, advertisement and marketing. Three will be the criteria used for deciding the alternative source of funding available to the organization for covering its financing needs: the firm’s current financial status, the level of annual growth that the organization has to achieve within the next 3 years, and the potentials of the alternative source of funding to support the growth of the firm in the long term. The funding by a Peer-to-Peer network is considered as an appropriate solution, following the following advantages: a) the firm can borrow a high amount of money without using its assets for backing the loan given; b) the firm can choose the lender that offers the best terms in regard to the particular transaction; in other words, the firm can choose a loan the terms of which are more favorable for the organization, compared to the terms of loans off ered by other lenders; in this way, the firm could secure the level of funds necessary for improving its new development, marketing and advertising sectors so that an annual growth of 40% is achieved; c) the particular process can be managed and monitored by an intermediate, i.e. a firm specializing in this field, such as the firm Prosper. In this way, the risks involved are minimized; d) the firm would not have to meet the strict requirements, such as the requirements that a firm would have to meet if it decides to go public; Gene One is not prepared to meet such requirements, as noted by Michelle in Slide 8 of the case study; e) the completion of the process does not require the legal binding of the members of the organization; in case that any mistake takes place in applying for the loan, the members of the organization cannot be held responsible, an issue that has caused the concerns of the executives in Gene One (Slide 8 of the case study); f) the firm could use the same proces s for gathering additional funds, if necessary, without following complex processes; in this way, the firm could be able to meet not only its current funding needs but also any emergent future funding needs, and g) the above process could be completed quite quickly. In 2005 the firm announced the development of a new research project that would highly enhanced the firm’